Cohesion and Adhesion Effect on the Fluid, CFD Simulation
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The present problem simulates the effect of cohesion and adhesion on a fluid using ANSYS Fluent software.
This product includes a Mesh file and a comprehensive Training Movie.
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Description
Project Description
The present problem simulates the effect of cohesion and adhesion on a fluid using ANSYS Fluent software. In this project, it is assumed that there is a T-shaped computational domain; So that the fluid flow enters from the bottom and exits from the top. Initially, this area consists of only air, and then water flows at a rate of 0.001 m.s-1 vertically and upward into the computational domain. In this case, the water flow is in contact to the air flow and the wall surfaces. Therefore, the property of cohesion in water flow and adhesion property between the solid surfaces of the model and water flow will affect the kinetic behavior of water flow. The simulation is transient; So that the time step size is equal to 0.001 s.
Also, since this simulation is necessary to define two phases of air and water, the multiphase flow model is used. The multiphase model used in this simulation is the VOF model; Because this model can distinguish the interface between two fluids.
Geometry & Mesh
The present model is designed in two dimensions using Design Modeler software. The model’s geometry consists of a T-shaped computational region whose lower boundary with a smaller cross-section is defined as the flow input. Its upper boundary with a larger cross-section is defined as the output.
We carry out the model’s meshing using ANSYS Meshing software, and the mesh type is structured. The element number is 3024. The following figure shows the mesh.
Cohesion and Adhesion CFD Simulation
We consider several assumptions to simulate the present model:
- We perform a pressure-based solver.
- The simulation is unsteady.
- The gravity effect on the fluid is ignored.
The following table represents a summary of the defining steps of the problem and its solution:
Models | ||
Viscous | Laminar | |
Multiphase Model | VOF | |
formulation | implicit | |
number of eulerian phases | 2 (water & air) | |
interface modeling | sharp | |
Boundary conditions | ||
Inlet | Velocity Inlet | |
velocity magnitude | 0.001 m.s-1 | |
water volume fraction | 1 | |
air volume fraction | 0 | |
Outlet | Pressure Outlet | |
gauge pressure | 0 pascal | |
wall motion | stationary wall | |
Methods | ||
Pressure-Velocity Coupling | SIMPLE | |
Pressure | PRESTO | |
momentum | second-order upwind | |
volume fraction | compressive | |
Initialization | ||
Initialization methods | Standard | |
gauge pressure | 0 pascal | |
x-velocity & y-velocity | 0 m.s-1 | |
water volume fraction | 0 |
Cohesion and Adhesion Results & Discussions
At the end of the solution process, two-dimensional contours related to the volume fraction of each water and air phase are obtained. The performed solver is unsteady, and the total simulation time is defined as 0.1 s. Contours related to the volume fraction of water and air were obtained at different time intervals of 0.01 s. The images show that in both sections, which have a smaller and larger cross-section than the model, the flow cohesion is higher than the water adhesion on the wall surfaces. For this reason, the water flow tries to maintain its uniform shape and resist complete dispersion on solid surfaces.
There are a Mesh file and a comprehensive Training Movie that presents how to solve the problem and extract all desired results.
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